1. Water

Kurr water makes Najis things Pak provided that the following four conditions are met:

First, the water should be pure (unmixed). Therefore, mixed water (Mozaf) like rose water and willow water will not make Najis objects Pak.

Second, the water should be Pak.

Third, the water should not turn into Mozaf while the Najis object is being washed and also the smell, color or taste of the Nejasat should be transferred to it.

Fourth, after the Najis object is washed, no part of original Nejasat should remain in it. And if the water is less than Pak, in addition to the above-mentioned conditions, there are some other criteria which will be discussed at a later stage.

154. Najis vessel should be washed three times in Qualil water, but in Kurr or running water, only once is enough. If a dog licks a vessel or drinks water or any other liquid from it, first it should be scrubbed with Pak earth and then as an obligatory precaution, it must be washed twice with Kurr or Qualil water. Also, the vessel which is licked by dog should be scrubbed with dust before washing, as an obligatory precaution.

155. If the mouth of a vessel which a dog has licked is so narrow that its interior cannot be scrubbed with dust, then dust must be thrown into it and then it should be shaken vigorously, so that the dust reach all parts of it; otherwise, the cleanliness (being Pak) of the vessel is doubtful.

156. If a pig drinks any liquid thing from a vessel, it must be washed with Qualil water seven times, and as an obligatory precaution. The same is done with Kurr and running water but it is not necessary to scrub it with dust, although as a recommended precaution, it is better to scrub it with dust.

157. A vessel, which has become Najis because of wine, should be washed with Qualil water three times, but it is better to wash it seven times.

158. If an earthenware has been made of Najis clay, or Najis water has penetrated in it, it should be put into Kurr or running water, so that wherever water reaches, it will be Pak. And if it is intended to make its interior Pak, it should be left in Kurr or running water for such time, that the water would penetrate into its entire structure and penetration of moisture is not enough.

159. A Najis utensil can be made Pak with Qualil water in two ways:

First, the utensil should be filled up with water and emptied three times;

Second, some quantity of water is poured in it, and then the utensil is shaken, so that the water reaches all Najis parts before it is spilled. This should be done three times.

160. if a large pot like a cauldron or jar becomes Najis, it will be Pak, if it is filled up with water three times and emptied every time. Alternatively, if water is poured from above three times, in such a way that it reaches all its sides, and then the water which collects at the bottom is drawn out every time, it will become Pak. But the vessel used for drawing out water should be washed, when being used for the second and third time.

161. If a Najis thing is immersed once in Kurr or running water, in such a way that water reaches all its Najis parts, it becomes Pak. And in the case of a carpet or dress, it is not necessary to squeeze or wring or press it.

162. If something has become Najis with urine, it can be made Pak with Qualil water, provided that it is poured once and water flows off eliminating all traces of urine and then it is washed again, it will be Pak. But if clothes or carpet or the like has become Najis because of urine, it must be squeezed each time till the water remaining in it turns out.

163. If anything becomes Najis with the urine of a suckling child, who has not yet started taking solid food and is less than two years old, the thing will be Pak, if water is poured over it once reaching all parts which has been Najis. As a recommended precaution, water should be poured over it once again. And if it is a carpet or dress etc. it will not be necessary to squeeze it.

164. If anything becomes Najis with Nejasat other than urine, it becomes Pak by first removing the Nejasat and then pouring water once, allowing it to flow off; and also if, at first time, Nejasat is removed, it is Pak. But if it is a dress or etc., it should be squeezed so that the remaining water should flow off.

165. Mat, woven with thread, should be immersed in Kurr or running water. When the essential Nejasat disappears from it, it will be Pak.

166. If the exterior of wheat, rice, soap etc. becomes Najis, it becomes Pak by dipping it in Kurr or running water. But if their interior becomes Najis, they will not be Pak.

167. If one doubts whether a Najis water has seeped into the interior of soap or not, its interior will be considered Pak.

168. If the outer part of rice, meat or any other similar thing becomes Najis, it may be placed in a bowl etc., and then water is poured on it three times. Then the bowl is emptied, so that the objects and bowl become Pak. If one wishes to make a dress or similar thing Pak in a container, one will pour water, and then press and squeeze the object and tilt the container, so that the remaining water pours off.

169. If a Najis dress, which has been dyed with indigo or with any similar dye, is dipped into Kurr or running water, it will become Pak if water reaches all its parts before water becomes Mozaf with color. But if it is made Pak with less than Kurr water, it will become Pak only if Mozaf water does not come out at the time of squeezing.

170. If a dress is washed with Kurr water or running water, and later, for example, black mud is found stuck on it, the dress will be Pak if one does not suspect that the black mud has prevented water from reaching the dress.

171. If slush of mud or soap is seen on dress etc. after being made Pak with water, it will be considered Pak. However, if Najis water has reached the interior of mud or soap, then the exterior of the slush will be Pak, and its interior will be Najis.

172. A Najis thing does not become Pak unless the original Nejasat is removed from it, but there is no harm if the smell and color of the Nejasat remains in it. So, if blood is removed form a cloth, and the cloth is made Pak with water, it will become Pak even if the color of blood remains on it. But if, on account of the smell or color, it becomes certain, or seems probable that some particles of Nejasat are still present in the cloth etc., it will remain Najis.

173. If Nejasat of the body is removed in Kurr or running water, the body will become Pak. But it is not necessary to walk in and out of water to achieve two washing.

174. If Najis food remains between the teeth, and water is taken in the mouth and moved in such a way that it reaches the entire Najis food, the food becomes Pak, provided that all other conditions of Tathir is met.

175. If the Najis hair of head and face is washed with under-Kurr water, it is necessary to squeeze them for remaining water to flow off.

176. When a part of the Najis body or clothes is washed with Qualil water, the parts adjacent to it that becomes Najis usually if water reaches it, will become Pak. And similar is the case, if a Pak thing is placed by the side of a Najis thing, and water is poured on both of them. Hence, if water is poured on all fingers while trying to make one Najis finger Pak, and Najis as well as Pak water reaches them all, they will all be Pak together.

177. Meat or fat which becomes Najis, can be made Pak with water like all other things. Same is the case if the body or dress has a little grease on it, which does not prevent water from reaching it.

178. If a utensil or one’s body is Najis, but also so greasy that water cannot reach it, one should first remove the grease, so that water may reach one’s body, or the utensil before making it Pak.

179. A Najis object which there is not original Nejasat in it, if it is placed under a tap which is connected to Kurr and washed once, it will be Pak. But if original Nejasat is in it, if the original Nejasat is removed under the top or by other means and the water that pours out does not contain smell, color or taste of Nejasat, it is Pak. However, if it still contains the smell, color or taste of Nejasat, it must be washed continuously until the water the pours out becomes free of the smell, color or taste of Nejasat.

180. If a person washes a thing with water, and becomes sure that it has become Pak, but doubts later whether or not he had removed the original Nejasat from it, it is Pak.

181. If the ground which absorbs water like land on the surface of which there is fine sand, becomes Najis, its surface can be made Pak with under-Kurr water, but under it is Najis.

182. When stone, brick or other hard ground in which water is not absorbed, become Najis, they can be made Pak by Qualil water but so much water should be poured on them that it begins to flow. If the water is drained through an outlet, it is not drained by itself, it is necessary to collect the water with something like a piece of cloth or something that soaks it and then Qualil water is poured on them and collected again, as an obligatory precaution.

184. If Najis sugar is turned into solid cubes, it will not become Pak if it is immersed in Kurr or running water.